Quick Data on Somalia
Short Name | Somalia |
Capital | Mogadishu |
Long Name | Federal Republic of Somalia |
Country Code | SO |
Continent | Africa |
Total Area | 637,657 sq km |
Population | 11,757,124 |
Language | Somali, Arabic |
Nationality | Somali(s) |
Geography of Somalia
As a country in Africa, with coordinates at 10 00 N, 49 00 E, Somalia neighbors Djibouti 61 km, Ethiopia 1640 km, Kenya 684 km. The terrain in Somalia is described as mostly flat to undulating plateau rising to hills in north, with an average elevation point of 410 m. The climate of Somalia: principally desert; northeast monsoon (December to February), moderate temperatures in north and hot in south; southwest monsoon (May to October), torrid in the north and hot in the south, irregular rainfall, hot and humid periods (tangambili) between monsoons.
Surface Total | 637,657 sq km |
Land Surface | 627,337 sq km |
Water Surface | 10,320 sq km |
Land Boundaries | 2,385 km |
Neighbor Countries | Djibouti 61 km, Ethiopia 1640 km, Kenya 684 km |
Coastline | 3,025 km |
Lowest Elevation Point | Indian Ocean 0 m |
Highest Elevation Point | Shimbiris 2,416 m |
Resources of Somalia
The country enjoys many types of natural resources, with the main ones being uranium and largely unexploited reserves of iron ore, tin, gypsum, bauxite, copper, salt, natural gas, likely oil reserves. The agricultural land occupies 70.30% of Somalia, while the land covered with forests is estimated at 10.60%.
Percent of Total Land | Surface Sq km | Data | |
Agricultural Land | 70.30% | 441,018 sq km | 2011 est. |
Irrigated Land | 2,000 sq km | 2012 | |
Forest Land | 10.60% | 66,498 sq km | 2011 est. |
Other Land | 19.10% | 119,821 sq km | 2011 est. |
Population of Somalia
The population of the country is estimated at 11,757,124 people, with the biggest urban area having 2.282 million MOGADISHU (capital), 989,000 Hargeysa (2020). Known as Somali(s), the people from Somalia come from diversified ethnic groups such as Somali 85%, Bantu and other non-Somali 15% (including 30,000 Arabs). The official language is Somali, Arabic. Religions: Sunni Muslim (Islam) (official, according to the 2012 Transitional Federal Charter).
Population | 11,757,124 |
Nationality | Somali(s) |
Official Language | Somali, Arabic |
Other Languages | Somali (official, according to the 2012 Transitional Federal Charter), Arabic (official, according to the 2012 Transitional Federal Charter), Italian, English |
Birth Rate | 38.7 births / 1000 population (2020 est.) |
Death Rate | 12.4 deaths / 1000 population (2020 est.) |
Urban Population | 46.10% of total population (2020) |
Physicians Density | 0.02 physicians/1,000 population (2014) |
Hospital Beds Density | 0.9 beds/1,000 population (2017) |
Governing Type of Somalia
Somalia is a federal parliamentary republic. The legal system makes use of mixed legal system of civil law, Islamic (sharia) law, and customary law (referred to as Xeer).
Governing Type | federal parliamentary republic |
Citizenship by Birth | no |
Citizenship by Descent | the father must be a citizen of Somalia |
Dual Citizenship | no |
Residency Requirement for Naturalization | 7 years |
Suffrage Vote | 18 years of age; universal |
Economy of Somalia
From a population total of 11,757,124, the labor force is 4.154 million (2016 est.). The main products in agriculture are: bananas, sorghum, corn, coconuts, rice, sugarcane, mangoes, sesame seeds, beans; cattle, sheep, goats; fish. Among the main industries considerable for the economy are: light industries, including sugar refining, textiles, wireless communication. Its exports cover livestock, bananas, hides, fish, charcoal, scrap metal. The main import products are: manufactures, petroleum products, foodstuffs, construction materials, qat.
Exports | $819 million (2014 est.) |
Imports | $94.43 billion (2018 est.) |
Export Partners | Oman 31.7%, Saudi Arabia 18.7%, UAE 16.3%, Nigeria 5.1%, Yemen 4.8%, Pakistan 4% (2017) |
Import Partners | China 17.6%, India 17.2%, Ethiopia 10.5%, Oman 10.3%, Kenya 6.9%, Turkey 5.3%, Malaysia 4.1% (2017) |
GDP / Capita | $309 (2020 est.) |
Electricity Production | 339 million kWh (2016 est.) |
Electrification Rate | population without electricity: 12 million (2017) |
Internet Users | 203,366 |
Internet Penetration Rate | 1.90% (July 2016 est.) |
For latest imports and exports data we recommend checking the website for the National Bank of Somalia, statistics sectio