Quick Data on Mongolia
Short Name | Mongolia |
Capital | Ulaanbaatar |
Long Name | n/a |
Country Code | MG |
Continent | Asia |
Total Area | 1,564,116 sq km |
Population | 3,168,026 |
Language | Mongolian |
Nationality | Mongolian(s) |
Geography of Mongolia
As a country in East Asia/Southeast Asia, with coordinates at 46 00 N, 105 00 E, Mongolia neighbors China 4630 km, Russia 3452 km. The terrain in Mongolia is described as vast semidesert and desert plains, grassy steppe, mountains in west and southwest; Gobi Desert in south-central, with an average elevation point of 1,528 m. The climate of Mongolia: desert; continental (large daily and seasonal temperature ranges).
Surface Total | 1,564,116 sq km |
Land Surface | 1,553,556 sq km |
Water Surface | 10,560 sq km |
Land Boundaries | 8,082 km |
Neighbor Countries | China 4630 km, Russia 3452 km |
Coastline | 0 km |
Lowest Elevation Point | Hoh Nuur 560 m |
Highest Elevation Point | Nayramadlin Orgil (Khuiten Peak) 4,374 m |
Resources of Mongolia
The country enjoys many types of natural resources, with the main ones being oil, coal, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, phosphates, tin, nickel, zinc, fluorspar, gold, silver, iron. The agricultural land occupies 73% of Mongolia, while the land covered with forests is estimated at 7.00%.
Percent of Total Land | Surface Sq km | Data | |
Agricultural Land | 73% | 1,134,096 sq km | 2011 est. |
Irrigated Land | 840 sq km | 2012 | |
Forest Land | 7.00% | 108,749 sq km | 2011 est. |
Other Land | 20.00% | 310,711 sq km | 2011 est. |
Population of Mongolia
The population of the country is estimated at 3,168,026 people, with the biggest urban area having 1.584 million ULAANBAATAR (capital) (2020). Known as Mongolian(s), the people from Mongolia come from diversified ethnic groups such as Khalkh 84.5%, Kazak 3.9%, Dorvod 2.4%, Bayad 1.7%, Buryat-Bouriates 1.3%, Zakhchin 1%, other 5.2% (2015 est.). The official language is Mongolian. Religions: Buddhist 53%, Muslim 3%, Shamanist 2.9%, Christian 2.2%, other 0.4%, none 38.6% (2010 est.).
Population | 3,168,026 |
Nationality | Mongolian(s) |
Official Language | Mongolian |
Other Languages | Mongolian 90% (official) (Khalkha dialect is predominant), Turkic, Russian (1999) |
Birth Rate | 16.6 births / 1000 population (2020 est.) |
Death Rate | 6.3 deaths / 1000 population (2020 est.) |
Urban Population | 68.70% of total population (2020) |
Physicians Density | 2.86 physicians/1,000 population (2016) |
Hospital Beds Density | 8 beds/1,000 population (2017) |
Governing Type of Mongolia
Mongolia is a semi-presidential republic. The legal system makes use of civil law system influenced by Soviet and Romano-Germanic legal systems; constitution ambiguous on judicial review of legislative acts.
Governing Type | semi-presidential republic |
Citizenship by Birth | no |
Citizenship by Descent | both parents must be citizens of Mongolia; one parent if born within Mongolia |
Dual Citizenship | no |
Residency Requirement for Naturalization | 5 years |
Suffrage Vote | 18 years of age; universal |
Economy of Mongolia
From a population total of 3,168,026, the labor force is 1.241 million (2017 est.). The main products in agriculture are: wheat, barley, vegetables, forage crops; sheep, goats, cattle, camels, horses. Among the main industries considerable for the economy are: construction and construction materials; mining (coal, copper, molybdenum, fluorspar, tin, tungsten, gold); oil; food and beverages; processing of animal products, cashmere and natural fiber manufacturing. Its exports cover copper, apparel, livestock, animal products, cashmere, wool, hides, fluorspar, other nonferrous metals, coal, crude oil. The main import products are: machinery and equipment, fuel, cars, food products, industrial consumer goods, chemicals, building materials, cigarettes and tobacco, appliances, soap and detergent.
Exports | $7.012 billion (2018) |
Imports | $5.875 billion (2018) |
Export Partners | China 93.3%, UK 2.5% (2017) |
Import Partners | China 32.6%, Russia 28.1%, Japan 8.4%, US 4.8%, South Korea 4.6% (2017) |
GDP / Capita | $13,700 (2018) |
Electricity Production | 5.339 billion kWh (2016 est.) |
Electrification Rate | electrification – total population: 81.8% (2016) |
Internet Users | 674,949 |
Internet Penetration Rate | 22.30% (July 2016 est.) |
For latest imports and exports data we recommend checking the website for the National Bank of Mongolia, statistics sectio