Quick Data on Turkmenistan
Short Name | Turkmenistan |
Capital | Ashgabat |
Long Name | n/a |
Country Code | TX |
Continent | Asia |
Total Area | 488,100 sq km |
Population | 5,528,627 |
Language | Turkmen |
Nationality | Turkmenistani(s) |
Geography of Turkmenistan
As a country in Central Asia, with coordinates at 40 00 N, 60 00 E, Turkmenistan neighbors Afghanistan 804 km, Iran 1148 km, Kazakhstan 413 km, Uzbekistan 1793 km. The terrain in Turkmenistan is described as flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes rising to mountains in the south; low mountains along border with Iran; borders Caspian Sea in west, with an average elevation point of 230 m. The climate of Turkmenistan: subtropical desert.
Surface Total | 488,100 sq km |
Land Surface | 469,930 sq km |
Water Surface | 18,170 sq km |
Land Boundaries | 4,158 km |
Neighbor Countries | Afghanistan 804 km, Iran 1148 km, Kazakhstan 413 km, Uzbekistan 1793 km |
Coastline | 0 km |
Lowest Elevation Point | Vpadina Akchanaya (Sarygamysh Koli is a lake in northern Turkmenistan with a water level that fluctuates above and below the elevation of Vpadina Akchanaya, the lake has dropped as low as -110 m) -81 m |
Highest Elevation Point | Gora Ayribaba 3,139 m |
Resources of Turkmenistan
The country enjoys many types of natural resources, with the main ones being petroleum, natural gas, sulfur, salt. The agricultural land occupies 72% of Turkmenistan, while the land covered with forests is estimated at 8.80%.
Percent of Total Land | Surface Sq km | Data | |
Agricultural Land | 72% | 338,350 sq km | 2011 est. |
Irrigated Land | 19,950 sq km | 2012 | |
Forest Land | 8.80% | 41,354 sq km | 2011 est. |
Other Land | 19.20% | 90,227 sq km | 2011 est. |
Population of Turkmenistan
The population of the country is estimated at 5,528,627 people, with the biggest urban area having 846,000 ASHGABAT (capital) (2020). Known as Turkmenistani(s), the people from Turkmenistan come from diversified ethnic groups such as Turkmen 85%, Uzbek 5%, Russian 4%, other 6% (2003). The official language is Turkmen. Religions: Muslim 89%, Eastern Orthodox 9%, unknown 2%.
Population | 5,528,627 |
Nationality | Turkmenistani(s) |
Official Language | Turkmen |
Other Languages | Turkmen (official) 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7% |
Birth Rate | 18.3 births / 1000 population (2020 est.) |
Death Rate | 6.1 deaths / 1000 population (2020 est.) |
Urban Population | 52.50% of total population (2020) |
Physicians Density | 2.22 physicians/1,000 population (2014) |
Hospital Beds Density | 4 beds/1,000 population (2014) |
Governing Type of Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan is a presidential republic; authoritarian. The legal system makes use of civil law system with Islamic (sharia) law influences.
Governing Type | presidential republic; authoritarian |
Citizenship by Birth | no |
Citizenship by Descent | at least one parent must be a citizen of Turkmenistan |
Dual Citizenship | yes |
Residency Requirement for Naturalization | 7 years |
Suffrage Vote | 18 years of age; universal |
Economy of Turkmenistan
From a population total of 5,528,627, the labor force is 2.305 million (2013 est.). The main products in agriculture are: cotton, grain, melons; livestock. Among the main industries considerable for the economy are: natural gas, oil, petroleum products, textiles, food processing. Its exports cover gas, crude oil, petrochemicals, textiles, cotton fiber. The main import products are: machinery and equipment, chemicals, foodstuffs.
Exports | $7.458 billion (2017 est.) |
Imports | $4.571 billion (2017 est.) |
Export Partners | China 83.7%, Turkey 5.1% (2017) |
Import Partners | Turkey 24.2%, Algeria 14.4%, Germany 9.8%, China 8.9%, Russia 8%, US 6.6% (2017) |
GDP / Capita | $18,200 (2017 est.) |
Electricity Production | 21.18 billion kWh (2016 est.) |
Electrification Rate | electrification – total population: 100% (2016) |
Internet Users | 951,925 |
Internet Penetration Rate | 24.00% (July 2016 est.) |
For latest imports and exports data we recommend checking the website for the National Bank of Turkmenistan, statistics sectio